PARTV 3 Abraham and the Kingdom of Ugarit AND HARRAN

https://answersingenesis.org/bible-timeline/abraham-and-the-chronology-of-ancient-mesopotamia/
http://neros.lordbalto.com/ChapterFive.htm

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/27114/27114-h/27114-h.html#toc7
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Abram was born in Ur, a city of the Chaldeans, in the year 1996 before Christ

From this city his father Terah removed with his children and kindred to Haran, and dwelt there. It was in Mesopotamia—a rich district, fruitful in pasturage. Here Abram remained until he was 75, and had become rich.

While sojourning in this fruitful plain the Lord said unto him, “get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land which I will show [pg 025]thee.”“And I will make thee a great nation, and will bless thee, and make thy name great, and thou shalt be a blessing. And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee. And in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed.” So Abram departed with Lot, his nephew, and Sarai, his wife, with all his cattle and substance, to the land of Canaan, then occupied by that Hamite race which had probably proved unfriendly to his family in Chaldea. 


Terah took his son Abram and his grandson Lot son of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram's wife, and they went out together from Ur of the Chaldeans to go into the land of Canaan; but when they came to Haran, they settled there. The days of Terah were two hundred five years; and Terah died in Haran.

He then built an altar to the Lord, probably among an idolatrous people. From want of pasturage, or some cause not explained, he removed from thence into a mountain on the east of Bethel, between that city and Hai, or Ai, when he again erected an altar, and called upon the living God. But here he did not long remain, being driven by a famine to the fertile land of Egypt, then ruled by the Pharaohs, whose unscrupulous character he feared, and which tempted him to practice an unworthy deception, yet in accordance with profound worldly sagacity. It was the dictate of expediency rather than faith. He pretended that Sarai was his sister, and was well treated on her account by the princes of Egypt, and not killed, as he feared he would be if she was known to be his wife. The king, afflicted by great plagues in consequence of his attentions to this beautiful woman, sent Abram away, after a stern rebuke for the story he had told, with all his possessions.

The patriarch returned to Canaan, enriched by the princes of Egypt, and resumed his old encampment near Bethel. But there was not enough pasturage for his flocks, united with those of Lot. So, with magnanimous generosity, disinclined to strife or greed, he gave his nephew the choice of lands, but insisted on a division. “Is not the whole land before thee,”said he: “Separate thyself, I pray thee: if thou wilt take the left hand, I will go to the right, and if thou depart to the right [pg 026]hand, then I will go to the left.” The children of Ham and of Japhet would have quarreled, and one would have got the ascendency over the other. Not so with the just and generous Shemite—the reproachless model of all oriental virtues, if we may forget the eclipse of his fair name in Egypt.

Lot chose, as was natural, the lower valley of the Jordan, a fertile and well-watered plain, but near the wicked cities of the Canaanites, which lay in the track of the commerce between Arabia, Syria, Egypt, and the East. The worst vices of antiquity prevailed among them, and Lot subsequently realized, by a painful experience, the folly of seeking, for immediate good, such an accursed neighborhood.

Abram was contented with less advantages among the hills, and after a renewed blessing from the Lord, removed his tents to the plain of Mamre, near Hebron, one of the oldest cities of the world.

The first battle  between the Chaldean monarch and the kings of the five cities of Canaan, near to the plain which Lot had selected. The kings were vanquished, and, in the spoliation which ensued, Lot himself and his cattle were carried away by Chederlaomer.

The news reached Abram in time for him to pursue the Chaldean king with his trained servants, three hundred and eighteen in number. In a midnight attack the Chaldeans were routed, since a panic was created, and Lot was rescued, with all his goods, from which we infer that Abram was a powerful chieftain, and was also assisted directly by God, as Joshua subsequently was in his unequal contest with the Canaanites.

The king of Sodom, in gratitude, went out to meet him on his return from the successful encounter, and also the king of Salem, Melchizedek, with bread and wine. This latter was probably of the posterity of Shem, since he was also a priest of the most high God, He blessed Abram, and gave him tithes, which Abram accepted

But Abram would accept nothing from the king of Sodom—not even to a shoe-latchet—from patriarchal pride, or disinclination to have any intercourse with idolators. But he did not prevent his young warriors from eating his bread in their hunger. It was not the Sodomites he wished to rescue, but Lot, his kinsman and friend











Abraham was considered to be a contemporary or near-contemporary of Hammurabi, the great king of the First Dynasty of Babylon.











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Chronology of the Patriarchs from the Birth of Nahor until the Death of Jacob

Age of Abraham	Event	Year BC
	Hyksos conquer Lower Egypt1	1718
	Tree ring event	1628
	Birth of Nahor ben Serug (Niqmepa II2)	1595
	Ya'dur-Addu becomes king of Ugarit	1584
	Birth of Terah	1580
	Peleg dies at age 69	1572
	Reu dies at age 69	1556
	Nahor ben Serug dies at age 39. Ibiranu II becomes king of Ugarit	1555
	13th Dynasty ends. 18th Dynasty begins at Thebes	1549
	Birth of Nahor ben Terah (Niqmepa III)
	Abram, father of Edna (wife of Terah), dies	ca 1546
0	Birth of Abraham at "Ur"	1545
1	Serug dies at age 66	1543
5	Birth of Sarah	1540
	Haran dies at "Ur" in presence of Terah
	Terah leaves "Ur"
	Ahmose defeats Hyksos at Avaris (Tell el-Daba). Hyksos retreat to Sharuhen in southern Canaan	1534
14	Ahmose defeats Hyksos at Sharuhen	1531
19	Typhon approaches earth	1526
	Puzur-Asshur becomes king of Assyria3	ca 1513
33	Terah dies in city of Harran at age 68	1512
34	Chedorlaomer begins 6-year rule of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Zoar	1511
37	Abraham leaves Harran at age 37, enters Canaan under Assyrian domination	1508
40	Amenhotep dies. Chebron becomes king of Egypt as Thutmosis I	1505
41	Famine begins. Abraham enters Egypt, marries Sarah, sister of Thutmosis I. 518-year 16th Dynasty of Africanus begins. Plagues occur. 5 kings of the plain rebel.  4 generals of Puzur-Asshur—Amraphel (’Ammurapi I of Ugarit), Arioch of "Ellasar" (Assyria), Chedorlaomer of "Elam," and Tidal (Tergal [Jubilees]) of the "Goiim" (Hittites?)—defeat 5 kings, capture Lot. Abraham, in command of Egyptian land forces, defeats Chedorlaomer, freeing Ugarit from Assyrian domination, rescues Lot. Amraphel dies.Abraham meets Melchizedek, king of Salem (Salim/Shechem). Nahor ben Terah (Niqmepa III) becomes king of Ugarit	1504
41	Abraham returns to Egypt, teaches astronomy at Heliopolis [Polyhistor]. Destruction of Sodom. Sarah gives Hagar to Abraham	1503
43	Birth of Ishmael	1502
50	Birth of Isaac (Mempsasthenoth [Artapanus])	1495
53	Thutmosis II becomes king of Egypt	1492
	Enlil-nasir I becomes king of Assyria	ca 1489
61	Thutmosis III becomes king of Egypt with Hatshepsut as regent.	1484
62	Hatshepsut seizes the throne. Abraham leaves Egypt, attempts to sacrifice Isaac	1483
68	Sarah dies	1477
70	Isaac marries Rebekah at age 20. Abraham marries Keturah, becomes king of Ugarit as Ibiranu III	1475
80	Birth of Jacob (Yaqaru) and Esau, fraternal twins	1465
	Hatshepsut dies. Thutmosis III becomes sole king of Egypt.	1462
87	Abraham dies at age 87. Niqmepa IV becomes king of Ugarit	1458
	Esau marries Judith and Basemath, Hittites, at age 20. Jacob leaves for Harran	1445
	Jacob marries Leah	ca 1442
	Jacob marries Rachel	ca 1438
	Ishmael dies at age 68	1434
	Thutmosis III dies. Amenhotep II becomes king of Egypt	1430
	Birth of Joseph to Rachel. Jacob leaves Harran	1420
	Jacob becomes king of Ugarit
	Isaac dies at age 90	1405
	Jacob loses throne of Ugarit (due to famine?), enters Egypt	1400
	Jacob dies at age 73	1392
	18th Dynasty ends	1301
1Red: Egypt.  2Green: Syria.  3Bold: Assyria.

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